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Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Lexical Decision Task for Studying Written Word Recognition in Adults with and without Dementia or Mild Cognitive Impairment
Published on: June 25, 2019
[Mild behavioral impairment: a new concept for the prodromic phases of dementia]
Luis Agüera Ortiz1, Jorge López Álvarez1
1Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España.
Abstract:
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) are frequent in dementia. These symptoms are also present in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and can even constitute the first manifestations of a neurodegenerative process, preceding the development of cognitive symptoms. The presence of NPS is associated with higher rates of conversion to dementia in healthy persons and patients with MCI. Recognizing the importance of NPS, the Alzheimer Association created a working group that has designed the ISTAART criteria for mild behavioral impairment (MBI), including the following areas of assessment: motivation, affect, impulse control, social appropriateness and thoughts/perception. The ISTAART criteria allow identification of NPS to prospectively assess the risk of a person developing dementia. The Mild Behavioral Impairment-Checklist (MBI-C) has subsequently been developed, which allows the MBI construct to be specifically assessed by quantifying the distinct symptoms, thus enhancing the clinical utility of this construct in clinical practice and research.
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