Biological Treatment for Osteoarthritis of the Knee: Moving from Bench to Bedside-Current Practical Concepts

Biological-based therapies for cartilage pathology have gained considerable recognition in the last few decades due to their potential benefits including their minimal invasiveness, capacity for unprecedented healing, and potential for rapid recovery. Consequently, these therapies are likely to have the most noteworthy impact on patients with degenerative joint changes who want to remain active. Currently, the most researched treatments include platelet-rich plasma (PRP), bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC), and cell-based therapies. Although further basic science research and well-designed randomized clinical trials are needed to elucidate the long-term role of these therapies in the treatment of osteoarthritis, there is compelling evidence for their use for certain indications. This article aims to review the existing literature for biological-based treatment options for osteoarthritis, critically assessing the current evidence-based recommendations and identify potential avenues for development.