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Related Concept Videos

Reaction Rate02:53

Reaction Rate

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The rate of reaction is the change in the amount of a reactant or product per unit time. Reaction rates are therefore determined by measuring the time dependence of some property that can be related to reactant or product amounts. Rates of reactions that consume or produce gaseous substances, for example, are conveniently determined by measuring changes in volume or pressure.
The mathematical representation of the change in the concentration of reactants and products, over time, is the rate...
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Related Rates01:18

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When two or more physical quantities are linked by a single relationship, a change in one variable necessarily affects the others. This interdependence forms the basis of related rates analysis, which examines how different quantities change with respect to time. A classic physical example is an expanding balloon, where the size of the balloon changes continuously as air is added.For a hot air balloon, the inflated envelope is commonly idealized as a perfect sphere to simplify mathematical...
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Polarimetry finds application in chemical kinetics to measure the concentration and reaction kinetics of optically active substances during a chemical reaction. Optically active substances have the capability of rotating the plane of polarization of linearly polarized light passing through them—a feature called optical rotation. Optical activity is attributed to the molecular structure of substances. Normal monochromatic light is unpolarized and possesses oscillations of the electrical...
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Relating Reaction Mechanisms
In a multistep reaction mechanism, one of the elementary steps progresses significantly slower than the others. This slowest step is called the rate-limiting step (or rate-determining step). A reaction cannot proceed faster than its slowest step, and hence, the rate-determining step limits the overall reaction rate.
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The rate of a reaction is affected by the concentrations of reactants. Rate laws (differential rate laws) or rate equations are mathematical expressions describing the relationship between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentration of its reactants.
For example, in a generic reaction aA + bB ⟶ products, where a and b are stoichiometric coefficients, the rate law can be written as:
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Measurement of Outgassing Rates of Steels
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Semiparametric Minimax Rates.

James Robins1, Eric Tchetgen Tchetgen1, Lingling Li2

  • 1Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Harvard University.

Electronic Journal of Statistics
|April 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study develops a new method for minimax rate estimation in semiparametric models with multiple parameters. The approach extends existing techniques to determine lower bounds for complex functional estimation.

Keywords:
62F2562G20Hellinger distanceNonlinear functionalPrimary 62G05nonparametric estimation

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Area of Science:

  • Statistics
  • Econometrics
  • Machine Learning

Background:

  • Semiparametric models are widely used in statistical inference.
  • Existing methods struggle to determine minimax rates for certain non-linear functionals, especially with multiple infinite-dimensional parameters.
  • Accurate estimation of these functionals is crucial for various applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel statistical approach for determining the minimax rate of testing and estimation for non-linear functionals in semiparametric models.
  • To extend existing methodologies to handle semiparametric models with multiple infinite-dimensional parameters.
  • To provide a robust framework for lower bound determination in complex statistical settings.

Main Methods:

  • The study extends a previously established method based on comparing distributions.
  • The new approach involves comparing two convex mixtures of distributions, perturbing one or two parameters.
  • This technique is applied to derive minimax rates for specific semiparametric functionals.

Main Results:

  • A new method is presented for calculating the minimax rate of estimation in semiparametric models.
  • The approach successfully addresses models with multiple infinite-dimensional parameters, a limitation of prior methods.
  • The efficacy of the method is demonstrated through applications to missing data and covariance estimation.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method provides a powerful tool for analyzing the statistical efficiency of estimators in complex semiparametric models.
  • This research advances the theoretical understanding of estimation bounds in high-dimensional statistical settings.
  • The findings have implications for improving statistical inference in areas like missing data analysis and financial modeling.