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Renal Microsporidiosis in Pediatric Bone Marrow Transplant Recipients: A Case Series

Saloni Shah1, Sheba Sweetline Jacob, Rama Mani

  • 1Department of Histopathology, Apollo Hospitals, CHENNAI, TAMIL NADU, INDIA.

Turk Patoloji Dergisi
|April 10, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Microsporidiosis is an emerging opportunistic infection in transplant patients. This study reports rare cases of kidney microsporidiosis in pediatric bone marrow transplant recipients, highlighting diagnostic and treatment challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatric Hematology/Oncology

Background:

  • Microsporidiosis is an opportunistic infection increasingly recognized in immunocompromised individuals, particularly transplant recipients.
  • Renal involvement is an uncommon manifestation of microsporidiosis, especially in pediatric populations.

Observation:

  • This report details two pediatric cases of renal microsporidiosis diagnosed via renal biopsy following bone marrow transplantation.
  • Both patients presented with severe acute kidney injury, a rare clinical presentation for this infection.

Findings:

  • One patient succumbed to the infection, while the second survived following early diagnosis and prompt treatment with Albendazole.
  • These represent the first reported instances of renal microsporidiosis in pediatric bone marrow transplant recipients.

Implications:

  • Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial for improving outcomes in pediatric renal microsporidiosis.
  • Increased awareness and a high index of suspicion are warranted for diagnosing this rare opportunistic infection in immunocompromised children.

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