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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Studying Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mice
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Adhesives for fixed orthodontic brackets.

Nicky A Mandall1, Joy Hickman, Tatiana V Macfarlane

  • 1Orthodontic Department, Tameside General Hospital, Fountain Street, Ashton under Lyne, Lancashire, UK, OL6 9RW.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|April 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review found no clear evidence to guide the choice of orthodontic adhesives for bonding brackets. Further research is needed to determine the most effective dental adhesives for orthodontic treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Dental Materials Science

Background:

  • Orthodontic bracket bonding is crucial for fixed appliance treatment efficiency.
  • Bracket failure during treatment leads to increased chair time and prolonged treatment duration.
  • Prolonged orthodontic treatment can increase oral health risks, including irreversible enamel decalcification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effects of different orthodontic adhesives used for bonding brackets.
  • To compare the efficacy and outcomes of various dental adhesives in orthodontic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs).
  • Searched multiple databases including Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and Embase up to September 2017.
  • Included trials comparing different adhesive groups for bonding stainless steel orthodontic brackets, with bracket failure as the primary outcome.

Main Results:

  • Three trials met the inclusion criteria, comparing chemical-cured composite, light-cured composite, conventional glass ionomer cement, and polyacid-modified resin composite (compomer).
  • The quality of the included trial reports was generally poor.
  • Data on decalcification as a secondary outcome were recorded but not suitable for meta-analysis.

Conclusions:

  • There is insufficient clear evidence to support clinical decisions regarding the selection of orthodontic adhesives.
  • The review highlights a need for higher-quality research to guide the choice of dental adhesives in orthodontics.