[Endocrine abnormalities in liver diseases]

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Hepatology
• Metabolic Diseases

Background:

• The liver performs vital metabolic functions, including protein, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as hormone regulation.
• Liver disorders, such as inflammation and failure, can disrupt endocrine homeostasis.
• Endocrine disorders can be linked to primary liver disease or develop as a consequence of liver disease treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the alterations in endocrine homeostasis associated with liver dysfunction.
• To explore the bidirectional relationship between liver disease and endocrine disorders.
• To highlight the role of endocrine glands in the pathogenesis of liver diseases like NAFLD and NASH.

Main Methods:

• Literature review focusing on endocrine homeostasis in liver dysfunction.
• Analysis of studies examining the interplay between endocrine glands and liver metabolism.
• Exclusion of literature on glucose homeostasis and adipokines in liver diseases.

Main Results:

• Liver dysfunction impairs protein synthesis, affecting hormone production and leading to endocrine imbalances.
• Endocrine disorders can arise independently or secondary to liver disease and its therapies.
• Endocrine factors contribute to the development of metabolic liver diseases, exacerbated by obesity.

Conclusions:

• Liver dysfunction profoundly affects endocrine homeostasis, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of this interaction.
• The relationship between endocrine disorders and liver disease is complex and bidirectional.
• Further research is warranted to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying these interactions, particularly concerning non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.