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Updated: Feb 12, 2026
Molten-Salt Synthesis of Complex Metal Oxide Nanoparticles
Published on: October 27, 2018
Trivalent Rare-Earth-Metal Bis(trimethylsilyl)amide Halide Complexes by Targeted Oxidations
André M Bienfait1, Benjamin M Wolf2, Karl W Törnroos1
1Department of Chemistry , University of Bergen , Allégaten 41 , N-5007 Bergen , Norway.
Abstract:
In contrast to previously applied salt metathesis protocols the targeted rare-earth-metal compounds Ln[N(SiMe3)2]2(halogenido) were accessed by oxidation of Ln(II) silylamide precursors. Treatment of Sm[N(SiMe3)3]2(thf)2 with 0.5 equiv of C2Cl6 or 0.25 equiv of TeBr4 in thf and crystallization thereof gave [Sm{N(SiMe3)2}2(μ-X)(thf)]2 (X = Cl, Br). A similar reaction/crystallization procedure performed with 0.5 equiv of 1,2-diiodoethane gave monomeric Sm[N(SiMe3)2]2I(thf)2. Switching to Yb[N(SiMe3)2]2(thf)2, the aforementioned oxidants generated monomeric five-coordinate complexes Yb[N(SiMe3)2]2X(thf)2 (X = Cl, Br, I). The reaction of Eu[N(SiMe3)2]2(thf)2 with 0.5 equiv of C2Cl6 in thf yielded the separated ion pair [Eu{N(SiMe3)2}3Cl][(thf)5Eu(μ-Cl)2Eu(thf)5]. Performing the chlorination in n-hexane led to oxidation followed by rapid disproportionation into EuCl3(thf) x and Eu[N(SiMe3)2]3. The bromination reaction did not afford crystalline material, while the iodination gave crystals of divalent EuI2(thf)5. Use of trityl chloride (Ph3CCl) as the oxidant in thf accomplished the Eu(III) species [Eu{N(SiMe3)2}2(μ-Cl)(thf)]2. In situ oxidation of putative [Tm{N(SiMe3)2}2(thf) x] using 0.5 equiv of C2Cl6 in thf followed by crystallization from n-hexane led to the formation of a mixture of [Tm{N(SiMe3)2}2(μ-Cl)(thf)]2 and Tm[N(SiMe3)2]3. Switching the oxidant to 0.5 equiv of 1,2-diiodoethane and crystallizing from thf repeatedly afforded the bis-halogenated complex Tm[N(SiMe3)2]I2(thf)3.
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