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[S2-Guideline: Pediatric Flat Foot].

Anna K Hell1, Leo Döderlein2, Oliver Eberhardt3

  • 1Kinderorthopädie, Operatives Kinderzentrum, Klinik für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie und Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen.

Zeitschrift Fur Orthopadie Und Unfallchirurgie
|April 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric flat foot is usually flexible and physiological in young children. Persistent deformities are rare, but obesity is a risk factor, necessitating careful diagnosis and management strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Biomechanics
  • Developmental Pediatrics

Background:

  • Pediatric flat foot requires differentiation between flexible and rigid forms.
  • Diagnosis relies on history, clinical exam, pedobarography, gait analysis, and imaging.
  • Ruling out neuromuscular conditions like muscular dystrophies is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline diagnostic approaches for pediatric flat foot.
  • To discuss the natural progression and risk factors.
  • To provide guidance on management and prevention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical assessment including history and physical examination.
  • Diagnostic tools: pedobarography, gait analysis, imaging techniques.
  • Review of etiological factors, progression, and treatment options.

Main Results:

  • Flexible flat foot is common and physiological in young children (97% at 19 months).
  • Persistent deformity affects a minority (4% at 10 years); obesity is a significant risk factor (62% in affected 6-year-olds).
  • Pain is infrequent (<2%), but risk of decompensation increases after age ten.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and differentiation are key for appropriate management of pediatric flat foot.
  • Prevention involves parent education, promoting physical activity, and appropriate footwear.
  • Conservative treatments like physiotherapy and orthotics are preferred; surgical interventions are reserved for specific cases following a structured algorithm.