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Mechanisms and Biomarkers of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction
Pascale Kippelen1, Sandra D Anderson2, Teal S Hallstrand3
1Department of Life Sciences, Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Centre for Human Performance, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Brunel University London, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK.
Abstract:
Exercise is a common trigger of bronchoconstriction. In recent years, there has been increased understanding of the pathophysiology of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Although evaporative water loss and thermal changes have been recognized stimuli for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, accumulating evidence points toward a pivotal role for the airway epithelium in orchestrating the inflammatory response linked to exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Overproduction of inflammatory mediators, underproduction of protective lipid mediators, and infiltration of the airways with eosinophils and mast cells are all established contributors to exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Sensory nerve activation and release of neuropeptides maybe important in exercise-induced bronchoconstriction, but further research is warranted.
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