Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.5K

Thyroid Disorders in Subjects with Down Syndrome: An Update

Nermine H Amr1

  • 1Department of Paediatrics Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. nerminehamr@hotmail.com.

Acta Bio-Medica : Atenei Parmensis
|April 11, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Down syndrome (DS) is linked to a higher risk of thyroid issues, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism. This review covers thyroid disorder characteristics, screening, and management in individuals with Down syndrome.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Down syndrome (DS) is the most frequent chromosomal disorder in live-born infants.
  • Individuals with DS have a significantly increased risk of endocrine abnormalities, especially affecting the thyroid gland.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the various presentations of thyroid abnormalities in patients with Down syndrome.
  • To provide recommendations for screening and management of thyroid dysfunction in DS.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on thyroid disorders in Down syndrome.
  • Synthesis of data on clinical characteristics, screening protocols, and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • The spectrum of thyroid dysfunction in DS includes congenital, subclinical, and acquired hypothyroidism (autoimmune and non-autoimmune), as well as hyperthyroidism.
  • Early screening and consistent monitoring are crucial for managing thyroid abnormalities in DS.

Conclusions:

  • Thyroid dysfunction is a common comorbidity in Down syndrome, requiring vigilant surveillance.
  • Adherence to recommended screening and management guidelines can improve outcomes for individuals with DS.

More Related Videos

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer05:39

Spontaneous Murine Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Published on: February 3, 2023

2.3K
Home-Based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Device Development: An Updated Protocol Used at Home in Healthy Subjects and Fibromyalgia Patients11:26

Home-Based Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Device Development: An Updated Protocol Used at Home in Healthy Subjects and Fibromyalgia Patients

Published on: July 14, 2018

18.0K

Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
7.8K
Intrinsically Disordered Proteins02:18

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...
19.6K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
5.7K
Cable Subjected to Its Own Weight01:13

Cable Subjected to Its Own Weight

Overhead power transmission lines rely on cables to carry electricity across large distances. To ensure the stability and functionality of these lines, it is crucial to understand the shape and tension experienced by the cables under the influence of their weight.
A generalized loading function is employed to analyze a cable subjected to its own weight. This function considers the force acting along the cable's arc length rather than its projected length, providing a more accurate...
807
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
8.0K
Cable Subjected to Concentrated Loads01:28

Cable Subjected to Concentrated Loads

Flexible cables are commonly used in various applications for support and load transmission. Consider a cable fixed at two points and subjected to multiple vertically concentrated loads. Determine the shape of the cable and the tension in each portion of the cable, given the horizontal distances between the loads and supports.
1.4K