An Individualized 3-Dimensional Designed and Printed Conformer After Dermis Fat Grafting for Complex Sockets

Postenucleation sockets often require conformers to maintain shape and support future prosthetic fitting. Traditional conformers may not fit complex cases due to anatomical variability. Prior research has shown that standard designs can lead to complications like extrusion or forniceal shortening. No prior work had resolved how to adapt conformers to unique socket geometries. This gap motivated the development of a more precise method. Customization is essential for complex sockets with dermis fat grafts. Existing techniques rely on manual shaping, which may lack consistency. This paper introduces a digital approach to improve accuracy and fit.

The study aimed to develop a method for designing conformers tailored to individual socket anatomy. Complex sockets with dermis fat grafts present unique challenges for conformer placement. A precise fit is necessary to prevent complications and support prosthetic integration. The researchers propose using 3D imaging to capture detailed anatomical data. This data is then used to create a conformer that matches the patient's specific features. The goal is to improve postoperative outcomes by reducing extrusion risks. The method also aims to streamline the design process for surgical planning. This approach may enhance the predictability of socket reconstruction.

The researchers used 3D scanning to capture the frontal face, orbit, and eyelid contours. This digital model served as the basis for conformer design. The software allowed for adjustments to socket dimensions and eyelid curvature. A polymethylmetacrylate conformer was printed based on the 3D model. The conformer was designed to match the patient's palpebral fissure and horizontal aperture. Sutures were placed through holes in the conformer to secure it in position. The conformer also supported fornix deepening sutures for added stability. The final shape was used to guide the design of the ocular prosthesis.

The 3D-printed conformer fit the socket and eyelids with high precision. Sutures through the conformer provided secure fixation without displacement. The design reduced the risk of extrusion compared to traditional methods. The conformer maintained the socket's shape during the healing process. The method allowed for accurate transfer of anatomical data to the prosthesis. No cases of forniceal shortening were reported in the study. The conformer's shape was successfully used to create the final prosthesis. The technique demonstrated potential for improving surgical outcomes in complex cases.

The authors suggest that 3D imaging and printing can improve conformer fit in complex sockets. The method may reduce complications like extrusion and forniceal shortening. The conformer design supports both surgical fixation and prosthetic planning. The researchers propose that this approach enhances presurgical accuracy. The technique allows for individualized adjustments to socket anatomy. The conformer's shape provides a reliable template for the ocular prosthesis. This method may streamline the reconstruction process for postenucleation sockets. The authors suggest further testing to confirm long-term benefits.