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Ex Vivo Infection of Live Tissue with Oncolytic Viruses
12:08

Ex Vivo Infection of Live Tissue with Oncolytic Viruses

Published on: June 25, 2011

13.4K

Oncolytic Viruses as Antigen-Agnostic Cancer Vaccines

Stephen J Russell1, Glen N Barber2

  • 1Department of Molecular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Cancer Cell
|April 11, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively destroy tumors, enhancing anti-tumor immune responses. This makes OVs effective companions for cancer therapies and potential standalone treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Oncolytic viruses (OVs) selectively destroy neoplastic tissues.
  • OVs can boost neoantigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses.
  • OVs are considered ideal companions for checkpoint blockade therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the mechanisms by which OVs modulate tumor cell adjuvanticity and antigenicity.
  • To explore the potential of OVs as standalone cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Discussion of OV mechanisms in cancer therapy.
  • Analysis of immune response modulation by OVs.

Main Results:

  • OV therapy does not appear to suppress antitumor immunity.
  • Viral antigen expression diminishes as antiviral response matures, honing CTL response to tumor neoantigens.
  • OVs combine direct tumor destruction with immune system boosting.

Conclusions:

  • OVs enhance anti-tumor immunity by modulating tumor antigenicity and adjuvanticity.
  • OVs show promise as potent standalone cancer therapies.
  • OVs are valuable partners for checkpoint blockade therapy.
Keywords:
agnosticmutation burdenneoepitopeoncolytic virusestumor antigenstumor vaccines

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