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The Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Model of Perinatal Ischemia
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Associations between birth at, or after, 41 weeks gestation and perinatal encephalopathy: a cohort study

David E Odd1,2,3, Christopher Yau1,3, Cathy Winter1,3

  • 1School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

BMJ Paediatrics Open
|April 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Infants born after 41 weeks gestation have an increased risk of neonatal encephalopathy. This risk is higher for older mothers and increases weekly past the due date.

Area of Science:

  • Perinatal Medicine
  • Neonatal Health
  • Obstetrics

Background:

  • Preterm birth is a known risk factor for infant complications.
  • Limited data exists on risks associated with post-term birth (after due date).
  • Over 25% of infants are born more than one week post-term.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the risk of neonatal encephalopathy for post-term infants.
  • To investigate if other risk factors modify the relationship between post-term birth and encephalopathy.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 4,036,346 Swedish births (1973-2012).
  • Exposure defined as birth ≥7 days post-due date.
  • Primary outcome: neonatal encephalopathy (seizures, brain injury).

Main Results:

  • 28.4% of infants were born ≥1 week post-due date.
  • Post-term infants (≥41 weeks) showed higher encephalopathy risk (OR 1.38).
  • Risk increased ~20% per week post-due date, modified by maternal age.

Conclusions:

  • Infants born at or after 41 weeks have higher encephalopathy risk.
  • This association is more pronounced in older mothers.
  • Findings can inform maternal decision-making regarding delivery timing.
Abstract

Keywords:
epidemiologyneonatology

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