Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Principles of Drug Action01:24

Principles of Drug Action

8.8K
Drugs are chemical substances that modify biological responses by interacting with macromolecular targets such as receptors, ion channels, transporters, and enzymes. Pharmacodynamics describes the course of action of drugs leading to the physiological effect at a specific site in the body.
Drugs can be agonists or antagonists. Like the endogenous ligands, agonists always bind and activate the target to produce a cellular response. Agonist binding induces a conformational change which in turn...
8.8K
Drug Elimination: The Concept of Clearance01:06

Drug Elimination: The Concept of Clearance

4.1K
Drug elimination refers to removing drugs from the body, either through urine by the kidneys or through bile by the liver. Drug clearance is a pharmacokinetic parameter that measures the efficiency of drug removal from the bloodstream within a specific time frame. It is calculated as the rate at which a drug is eliminated from plasma divided by the plasma concentration of the drug.
Drug clearance is not limited to renal excretion but encompasses all organs involved in drug elimination,...
4.1K
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

95.4K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
95.4K
Self-Concept01:19

Self-Concept

1.7K
Self-concept is the cognitive and emotional understanding individuals hold about their identity. It evolves through various developmental stages, beginning in infancy and maturing as children grow. This concept influences how individuals perceive their abilities, interact with others, and manage challenges throughout life.
Infancy and Emerging Recognition
During infancy, self-concept is virtually nonexistent. Babies do not distinguish themselves as separate entities and often mistake their...
1.7K
The Uncertainty Principle04:08

The Uncertainty Principle

33.1K
Werner Heisenberg considered the limits of how accurately one can measure properties of an electron or other microscopic particles. He determined that there is a fundamental limit to how accurately one can measure both a particle’s position and its momentum simultaneously. The more accurate the measurement of the momentum of a particle is known, the less accurate the position at that time is known and vice versa. This is what is now called the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. He...
33.1K
Hardy-Weinberg Principle01:49

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

76.6K
Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.
76.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Inhibition of compulsive behavior by dextromethorphan on schedule-induced polydipsia in rats: Role of NMDA, sigma-1, and 5-HT receptors.

Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior·2026
Same author

In memoriam-Donald A. Overton, Ph.D.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·2025
Same author

Effects of naltrexone on gabapentin reward and buprenorphine combinations in male mice.

Behavioural brain research·2025
Same author

Role of serotonin 5HT 2C receptors in the discriminative stimulus properties of lorcaserin in male C57BL/6 mice.

Behavioural pharmacology·2025
Same author

Effects of (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine in assays of acute pain-stimulated and pain-depressed behaviors in mice.

PloS one·2024
Same author

Examination of the mechanisms underlying the discriminative stimulus properties of the atypical antipsychotic amisulpride.

Behavioural pharmacology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon
10:29

Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon

Published on: January 6, 2011

117.5K

Drug Discrimination: Historical Origins, Important Concepts, and Principles.

Joseph H Porter1, Adam J Prus2, Donald A Overton3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA. jporter@vcu.edu.

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences
|April 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Drug discrimination research, evolving from state-dependent learning, uses animal models to understand drug stimulus properties and subjective effects. This method aids in drug classification, tolerance studies, and preclinical drug development.

Keywords:
Cross-toleranceDiscriminative stimulusDrug developmentDrug discriminationIndividual differencesState dependent learningStereospecificStimulus propertiesSubjective effectsTolerance

More Related Videos

Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice
06:41

Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice

Published on: May 5, 2015

18.9K
Assisted Selection of Biomarkers by Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size LEfSe in Microbiome Data
04:57

Assisted Selection of Biomarkers by Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size LEfSe in Microbiome Data

Published on: May 16, 2022

17.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon
10:29

Principles of Rodent Surgery for the New Surgeon

Published on: January 6, 2011

117.5K
Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice
06:41

Testing for Odor Discrimination and Habituation in Mice

Published on: May 5, 2015

18.9K
Assisted Selection of Biomarkers by Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size LEfSe in Microbiome Data
04:57

Assisted Selection of Biomarkers by Linear Discriminant Analysis Effect Size LEfSe in Microbiome Data

Published on: May 16, 2022

17.5K

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral neuroscience
  • Psychopharmacology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The study of drug stimulus properties originated from state-dependent learning research in the early 20th century.
  • Drug discrimination emerged as a distinct research approach, allowing subjects to learn to differentiate drug states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the evolution and principles of drug discrimination as a research paradigm.
  • To highlight the utility of drug discrimination in understanding subjective drug effects and as a preclinical assay.

Main Methods:

  • Early research utilized T-mazes, evolving to two-lever operant tasks by the 1970s.
  • Drug discrimination studies involve training subjects to distinguish between drug states and vehicle conditions.

Main Results:

  • Drug discrimination accurately reflects subjective drug effects, validated in human studies.
  • This method allows for drug classification, study of tolerance/cross-tolerance, and investigation of stereospecificity.
  • Findings indicate that discriminative stimulus properties correlate with central nervous system activity at neurotransmitter receptors.

Conclusions:

  • Drug discrimination is a valuable tool for assessing subjective drug effects and serves as a crucial preclinical assay in drug development.
  • The procedure reveals individual differences in drug sensitivity and CNS receptor interactions.
  • This research area is fundamental to understanding the behavioral neuroscience of drug discrimination.