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Digital phenotyping of suicidal thoughts.

Evan M Kleiman1, Brianna J Turner2, Szymon Fedor3

  • 1Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.

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Summary

Researchers identified five subtypes of suicidal thinking using real-time digital monitoring. These profiles, varying in intensity and persistence, are linked to recent suicide attempts, offering new insights into suicidal ideation.

Keywords:
assessment/diagnosiscomputer/Internet technologydepressionsuicide/self harmweb based

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Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Digital Health
  • Mental Health Research
  • Computational Social Science

Background:

  • Suicidal thinking is often treated as a uniform experience.
  • Previous research lacked the temporal granularity to study suicidal thoughts in real-time.
  • Digital monitoring offers a novel approach to capture the nuances of suicidal ideation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate potential subtypes of suicidal thinking.
  • To leverage real-time digital monitoring for precise measurement of suicidal thoughts.
  • To identify distinct phenotypes of suicidal ideation based on frequency, intensity, and variability.

Main Methods:

  • Smartphone-based real-time monitoring of suicidal thoughts (four times daily).
  • Two distinct samples: adults with past suicide attempts and psychiatric inpatients with recent suicidal ideation/attempts.
  • Latent profile analysis to identify distinct suicidal thinking phenotypes.

Main Results:

  • Five distinct phenotypes of suicidal thinking were identified across both samples.
  • Phenotypes primarily differed in the intensity and variability of suicidal thoughts.
  • Profiles with higher mean and lower variability (more severe, persistent thoughts) were associated with recent suicide attempts.

Conclusions:

  • Suicidal thinking is not a homogeneous construct; distinct profiles exist.
  • Real-time digital monitoring reveals novel phenotypes of suicidal ideation.
  • Future research should explore the prospective relationship between these phenotypes and suicidal behaviors, and their stability over time.