Dyslipidemia and maternal obesity: Prematurity and neonatal prognosis
Iramar Baptistella do Nascimento1, Guilherme Dienstmann1, Matheus Leite Ramos de Souza2
1Department of Graduate Studies in Health and the Environment, Universidade da Região de Joinville, Joinville, SC, Brazil.
Insights
Obesity and dyslipidemia in pregnancy can lead to preterm birth and impact newborn health. These conditions increase the risk of epicardial fat in preterm infants, affecting them long-term.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive Medicine
- Metabolic Disorders
- Neonatal Health
Background:
- Obesity and dyslipidemia are significant concerns during pregnancy.
- These conditions can alter maternal metabolic adaptation and fetal development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the link between maternal dyslipidemia, obesity, and preterm birth.
- To understand the impact on newborn prognosis, specifically epicardial fat accumulation.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of studies published between 1996 and 2016.
- Searches were conducted in Medline, Lilacs, Embase, and Cochrane Library using keywords: dyslipidemia, pregnancy, obesity, preterm birth.
Main Results:
- 32 studies were included, analyzing risk factors, metabolic alterations, and dyslipidemic complications.
- Findings indicate impaired maternal metabolic adaptation and increased lipid transfer to the fetus.
Conclusions:
- Maternal dyslipidemia and obesity are associated with preterm birth.
- Preterm infants born to dyslipidemic mothers face an elevated risk of developing epicardial fat in early and later life.
Objective:
To identify the changes caused by dyslipidemia and obesity in pregnancy suggesting causes for premature birth, and the prognosis for the newborn.
Method:
Systematic review based on the Medline, Lilacs, Embase and Cochrane library databases between 1996 and 2016. The search for studies included the following keywords: "dyslipidemia, pregnancy, obesity, preterm birth." A protocol was programmed and a protocol for inclusion/exclusion of studies was implemented.
Results:
Of the 5,789 articles initially selected between March 1996 and July 2016, only 32 were in accordance with the established criteria. Of these, 28.12% discussed risk factors of prematurity; 37.50%, metabolic alterations and gestational dyslipidemia; 21.87%, dyslipidemic complications in preterm birth; and 12,50%, lipid metabolism, glycemic and placental transfer.
Conclusion:
There is a reduced adaptation of obese pregnant women to the metabolic changes of gestation. This favors dyslipidemic intercurrences in the mother, which, directly or indirectly, suggests the occurrence of premature births and high lipid transfer to the fetus. Therefore, preterm newborns, whose mothers were dyslipidemic during pregnancy, have greater risk of epicardial fat, both in early (first year of life) and in later (adult) phases of life.
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