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Birth Month as a Risk Factor for the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease Later in Life: A Population-based Study

Amit Assa1,2, Orith Waisbourd-Zinman1,2, Saleh Daher3,4

  • 1Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Disease, Schneider Children's Medical Center, Petach Tikva.

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|April 12, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Infants born in May and June have a slightly higher risk of developing celiac disease (CD). This finding suggests that environmental factors around birth may influence celiac disease development in susceptible individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Perinatal factors are investigated for their role in celiac disease (CD) development among genetically predisposed individuals.
  • Understanding birth timing's impact on CD risk is crucial for early identification and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between month and season of birth and the subsequent development of celiac disease.
  • To analyze a large national cohort in Israel to determine if birth timing correlates with CD risk.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a national database of over 2 million Israeli Jewish adolescents born between 1971 and 1998.
  • Identified and analyzed 10,566 cases of celiac disease within the cohort.
  • Employed statistical analysis, including odds ratios, to assess the significance of birth month and season.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant increase in celiac disease risk was observed for individuals born in May (OR 1.07) and June (OR 1.09).
  • Birth during the winter season (December-February) showed a trend towards a marginally reduced risk (OR 0.97).

Conclusions:

  • Children born in May and June face an elevated risk of developing celiac disease.
  • These findings support the hypothesis that perinatal environmental exposures influence the risk of celiac disease in genetically susceptible populations.

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