Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress02:45

Responses to Heat and Cold Stress

14.9K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
14.9K
Integration by Parts: Indefinite Integrals01:26

Integration by Parts: Indefinite Integrals

230
Integration by parts is a fundamental technique in calculus for evaluating integrals involving the product of two functions. It is particularly useful when direct integration is not feasible. The method is based on the product rule for differentiation, which states that the derivative of a product equals the derivative of the first function times the second, plus the first function times the derivative of the second. By integrating this identity and rearranging terms, the integration by parts...
230
Integration by Parts: Definite Integrals01:23

Integration by Parts: Definite Integrals

91
Definite integrals involving the product of two functions over a fixed interval can be evaluated using integration by parts. This method rewrites the integral as the difference of a product evaluated at the endpoints and a remaining definite integral that is often simpler to compute.A representative example is the definite integral of the inverse tangent function. Since there is no direct integration formula for arctan ⁡x, the integrand is rewritten as a product of arctan⁡ x and the...
91
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography01:20

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System II:Types of Echocardiography

674
Echocardiography plays a role in assessing cardiac health and detecting heart conditions, with various types providing critical insights for diagnosis and treatment.
Types of Echocardiography
Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE)
TTE is the most common type of echocardiogram which involves placing a transducer on the patient's chest, emitting sound waves to create heart images. TTE is invaluable for evaluating the heart's size, structure, and motion, making it particularly useful for...
674
Responses to Salt Stress02:02

Responses to Salt Stress

14.7K
Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.
14.7K
Stress01:20

Stress

8.8K
When a force is applied on a body, it undergoes deformation. In order to restore the body to its original shape and/or size, an opposite or restoring force is generated within the body. This restoring force is equal to the magnitude of the applied force, but acts in the opposite direction. The amount of this restoring force developed per unit area of the body is called stress. Stress is a tensor quantity and has the SI unit pascal. Stress can be separated into four broad categories depending...
8.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Genomic and proteogenomic insights into Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (SCAD): A systematic review of emerging multi-omic evidence.

Vascular pharmacology·2026
Same author

Prognostic value of multi-marker stress echocardiography.

Future cardiology·2026
Same author

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries: a pathway to achieve guideline adherence.

Heart (British Cardiac Society)·2026
Same author

Moderate ischemic mitral regurgitation at rest is associated with multiple functional vulnerabilities during exercise stress echocardiography.

The international journal of cardiovascular imaging·2026
Same author

Non-invasive Coronary Functional Tests in Patients with Angina and Non-obstructive Coronary Artery Disease.

European cardiology·2026
Same author

An EACVI survey assessing the awareness of cardiovascular imaging's environmental impact among cardiovascular imagers.

European heart journal. Imaging methods and practice·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Murine Fetal Echocardiography
08:04

Murine Fetal Echocardiography

Published on: February 15, 2013

18.1K

Integrated quadruple stress echocardiography.

Eugenio Picano1, Doralisa Morrone2, Maria C Scali3

  • 1CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy - picano@ifc.cnr.it.

Minerva Cardioangiologica
|April 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Integrated Quadruple (IQ)-SE enhances stress echocardiography by combining regional wall motion abnormalities with B-lines, left ventricular contractile reserve, and coronary flow velocity reserve. This novel approach offers a comprehensive assessment for cardiovascular conditions, particularly heart failure.

More Related Videos

Transthoracic Echocardiography in Mice
08:09

Transthoracic Echocardiography in Mice

Published on: May 28, 2010

64.6K
Murine Echocardiography and Ultrasound Imaging
09:00

Murine Echocardiography and Ultrasound Imaging

Published on: August 8, 2010

37.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Murine Fetal Echocardiography
08:04

Murine Fetal Echocardiography

Published on: February 15, 2013

18.1K
Transthoracic Echocardiography in Mice
08:09

Transthoracic Echocardiography in Mice

Published on: May 28, 2010

64.6K
Murine Echocardiography and Ultrasound Imaging
09:00

Murine Echocardiography and Ultrasound Imaging

Published on: August 8, 2010

37.4K

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Diagnostic Techniques

Background:

  • Stress echocardiography (SE) traditionally relies on detecting regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) to identify epicardial coronary artery stenosis.
  • RWMA assessment has limitations, prompting the search for more objective and complementary parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and evaluate the Integrated Quadruple (IQ)-SE, a novel protocol integrating four key parameters for a comprehensive cardiovascular assessment.
  • To demonstrate the feasibility and potential impact of IQ-SE in diagnosing and prognosing cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • IQ-SE integrates four parameters: RWMA, B-lines (lung ultrasound for extravascular lung water), left ventricular contractile reserve (LVCR), and coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR).
  • The protocol, termed "ABCD" (asynergy+B-lines+contractile reserve+Doppler flowmetry), is designed for a one-stop shop assessment.
  • Measurements include 2D echocardiography, lung ultrasound, cuff sphygmomanometry, and pulsed-wave Doppler of the left anterior descending coronary artery.

Main Results:

  • IQ-SE provides a synoptic assessment mirroring epicardial stenosis (RWMA), interstitial lung water (B-lines), myocardial function (LVCR), and small coronary vessels (CFVR).
  • Each parameter offers distinct and complementary clinical correlates: ischemia, lung status, cardiac contractility, and coronary microvascular function.
  • The technique is highly feasible with minimal increase in imaging and analysis time.

Conclusions:

  • IQ-SE represents a versatile advancement in stress echocardiography, offering a comprehensive "ABCD" protocol.
  • The integrated approach has significant diagnostic and prognostic potential, extending beyond coronary artery disease, especially in heart failure.
  • Large-scale effectiveness studies are underway to establish a robust evidence base for IQ-SE adoption.