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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

221.8K
Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

6.5K
Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

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The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
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Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

31.4K
Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
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Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

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Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
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Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion01:17

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

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Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this...
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Non-aqueous Electrode Processing and Construction of Lithium-ion Coin Cells
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Non-aqueous Electrode Processing and Construction of Lithium-ion Coin Cells

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Lithium diffusion in Li5FeO4.

Navaratnarajah Kuganathan1, Poobalasuntharam Iyngaran2, Alexander Chroneos3,4

  • 1Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom. n.kuganathan@imperial.ac.uk.

Scientific Reports
|April 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lithium iron oxide (Li5FeO4) shows promise for lithium-ion batteries. Si doping enhances lithium diffusion by creating vacancies, improving overall performance despite minor increases in migration energy.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry
  • Electrochemistry

Background:

  • Li5FeO4 exhibits potential as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries due to high Li content and electrochemical properties.
  • Understanding defects and Li-ion migration is crucial for optimizing battery performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate intrinsic defects and Li-ion migration mechanisms in Li5FeO4.
  • Evaluate the impact of Silicon (Si) doping on Li-ion diffusion.

Main Methods:

  • Atomic scale simulation techniques were utilized.
  • Calculations focused on defect formation energies and Li migration pathways.
  • Energetics of Si doping at Fe sites were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Cation anti-site defects (Li+/Fe3+ exchange) are the most favorable intrinsic defects.
  • Low Li Frenkel defect energy (0.85 eV/defect) and 3D Li diffusion paths with low activation energy (0.45 eV) were identified.
  • Si doping on Fe sites is energetically favorable, introducing lithium vacancies and increasing local Li migration barriers to 0.59 eV.

Conclusions:

  • Si doping is a viable strategy to enhance Li diffusivity in Li5FeO4 by creating vacancies.
  • Despite localized increases in migration barriers, Si doping positively impacts overall Li diffusion kinetics.