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Hair Dye poisoning: "An early intervention"
Syed Farrukh Umair1, Imrana Amin2, Ata Urrehman3
1Dr. Syed Farrukh Umair, FCPS. Department of Medicine, Patel Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|April 13, 2018
Summary
Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) in hair dye can cause severe toxicity, including airway compromise and rhabdomyolysis. Prompt critical care and hydration can prevent complications like kidney failure.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Emergency Medicine
- Dermatology
Background:
- Paraphenylenediamine (PPD) is a common hair dye ingredient, particularly in developing nations.
- PPD ingestion can lead to severe systemic toxicity, affecting multiple organs.
- Accidental and intentional ingestion are more prevalent in lower socioeconomic regions.
Observation:
- A young female presented with laryngeal edema and severe rhabdomyolysis following PPD poisoning.
- The patient experienced significant elevation in Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK) levels.
- She required critical care admission and elective endotracheal intubation.
Findings:
- Early airway management via endotracheal intubation prevented the need for tracheostomy.
- Aggressive intravenous hydration was crucial in preventing acute kidney injury.
- Despite high CPK levels, renal function was preserved.
Implications:
- This case highlights the critical importance of prompt airway management in PPD poisoning.
- Aggressive hydration is a key strategy in preventing renal complications.
- Awareness of PPD toxicity spectrum is vital for emergency and critical care physicians.