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Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization as a Tool for HPV-Related Head and Neck Cancer Diagnosis
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CHAPTER 8 HPV vaccines.

Ian H Frazer

    International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
    |April 13, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    New human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines offer protection against cervical cancer and genital warts. These vaccines are safe and effective when given before infection, but do not replace existing cervical cancer screening programs.

    Keywords:
    Cervical cancerHuman papillomavirusVaccination

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    Area of Science:

    • Oncology
    • Immunology
    • Virology

    Background:

    • High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) are a primary cause of cervical cancer.
    • Cervical cancer prevention through vaccination is a significant public health goal.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the development and efficacy of vaccines for preventing HPV infection and its consequences.
    • To inform about the availability and limitations of current HPV vaccines.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of clinical data on HPV vaccine safety and effectiveness.
    • Analysis of vaccine composition, including viral capsid proteins and adjuvants.
    • Evaluation of the impact of HPV vaccines on cervical cancer precursors and genital warts.

    Main Results:

    • A quadrivalent HPV vaccine (Gardasil) was approved for preventing cervical cancer, precursors, vulval/vaginal cancer precursors, genital warts, and low-grade cervical lesions.
    • Vaccines are safe and highly effective in preventing HPV infection and clinical consequences when administered before exposure.
    • Current vaccines target HPV types 16 and 18, preventing approximately 70% of cervical cancers.

    Conclusions:

    • HPV vaccines are a crucial tool for preventing cervical cancer and related conditions.
    • Existing screening programs for cervical cancer should continue alongside vaccination efforts.
    • Therapeutic vaccines for existing HPV infections are under development but not yet clinically available.