Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 12, 2026

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
Published on: February 8, 2019
Review: What Is the Current Evidence for Disease Subsets in Giant Cell Arteritis?
Kornelis S M van der Geest1, Maria Sandovici1, Yannick van Sleen1
1University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Abstract:
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an autoimmune vasculitis affecting large and medium-sized arteries. Ample evidence indicates that GCA is a heterogeneous disease in terms of symptoms, immune pathology, and response to treatment. In the current review, we discuss the evidence for disease subsets in GCA. We describe clinical and immunologic characteristics that may impact the risk of cranial ischemic symptoms, relapse rates, and long-term glucocorticoid requirements in patients with GCA. In addition, we discuss both proven and putative immunologic targets for therapy in patients with GCA who have an unfavorable prognosis. Finally, we provide recommendations for further research on disease subsets in GCA.
Related Concept Videos
The Evidence for Evolution
Review and Preview
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...
Review and Preview
Electrical Current
EPS and iPS Cells in Disease Research
Current Density

