Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 12, 2026

Clinical Examination Protocol to Detect Atypical and Classical Scrapie in Sheep
Published on: January 19, 2014
Atypical Hepatocellular Neoplasms: Review of Clinical, Morphologic, Immunohistochemical, Molecular, and Cytogenetic
1Department of Pathology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA.
Abstract:
The distinction of hepatocellular adenoma from well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be difficult in some cases, especially on biopsy specimens. These borderline cases often occur in men or older patients and may have β-catenin activation or focal atypical morphologic features (such as small cell change, prominent pseudoacinar formation, cytologic atypia, focally thick plates, and/or focal reticulin loss) that are insufficient for an unequivocal diagnosis of HCC. The term "atypical hepatocellular neoplasm" has been advocated for these tumors, but a number of other terms, including "atypical adenoma," "hepatocellular neoplasm of uncertain malignant potential," and "well-differentiated hepatocellular neoplasm with atypical or borderline features" have also been proposed. This review proposes guidelines for designating tumors as atypical hepatocellular neoplasm and describes clinical, morphologic, immunohistochemical, molecular, and cytogenetic features that distinguish these tumors from typical hepatocellular adenoma and HCC.
Related Concept Videos
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis
Pericarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...

