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Related Concept Videos

Septins01:19

Septins

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Septins are protein filaments forming the cytoskeleton along with the microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and other accessory proteins. In 1971 while studying the cell division cycle in mutant Saccharomyces cerevisiae Harwell et al. first identified the septin-related genes playing a crucial role in yeast cytokinesis. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that these proteins localize at the budding neck as rings. These ring-like proteins were then named Septins by John Pringle, and...
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Role of Septins01:02

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Septins are the recently discovered fourth major protein component of the cytoskeleton, along with microfilaments, microtubules, and intermediate filaments. These proteins can associate with other cytoskeletal filaments and carry out varied roles or can be free-floating in the cytoplasm.
Cellular Functions of Septins
Recent studies have revealed the multifaceted roles of septins in various cellular processes such as cytokinesis, ciliogenesis, and neurogenesis. Septins act as scaffolds and...
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Autophagy01:27

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Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which a cell protects itself from threats both within and outside the cell, ranging from abnormal proteins to invading bacteria. In this process, obsolete components of the cell and invading microbes are degraded by hydrolytic enzymes active in an acidic environment of the lysosomal lumen.
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Local Attraction01:22

Local Attraction

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Local attraction refers to disturbances in compass readings caused by magnetic influences from nearby objects such as metal fences, buried pipes, vehicles, buildings, power lines, or natural iron ore deposits. Small items like wristwatches, steel tools, or belt buckles can also interfere with the compass by creating local magnetic fields that distort the Earth's natural magnetic field. These distortions lead to inaccurate readings, posing navigation and land surveying challenges.Local...
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Functional Groups02:45

Functional Groups

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Functional groups are a group of atoms with characteristic properties, which when linked to the carbon skeleton of a molecule, alter the properties of that molecule. For example, the presence of certain functional groups on a molecule will make them hydrophilic, whereas others will make them hydrophobic. These functional groups are an indispensable part of organic chemistry and important components of biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Each...
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Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

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The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...
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Related Experiment Video

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Use of Shigella flexneri to Study Autophagy-Cytoskeleton Interactions
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Septin localization and function during autophagy.

Gaurav Barve1, Priyadarshini Sanyal1, Ravi Manjithaya2

  • 1Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, 560064, India.

Current Genetics
|April 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Septins, known for cell division, are newly found to play a role in autophagy, a cellular recycling process. These proteins move between cell compartments during autophagy, aiding in autophagosome formation.

Keywords:
Atg9 traffickingAutophagosomeAutophagyNon-canonical ringsPASSeptins

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Autophagy is a fundamental cellular process for recycling proteins and organelles.
  • Autophagosome biogenesis, the formation of vesicles for cargo engulfment, remains incompletely understood despite numerous known factors.
  • Septins are typically involved in cytokinesis and cell structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the novel role of septins in the process of autophagy.
  • To understand the contribution of septins to autophagosome biogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Observing septin localization and dynamics under autophagy-inducing conditions.
  • Tracking septin movement across various cellular compartments.

Main Results:

  • Septins exhibit dynamic trafficking between cellular compartments, including the Golgi, mitochondria, endosomes, plasma membrane, and vacuolar membranes during autophagy.
  • This trafficking suggests a role for septins beyond their canonical function in cytokinesis.

Conclusions:

  • Septins are implicated in autophagosome biogenesis, a process crucial for cellular homeostasis.
  • The dynamic localization of septins highlights their involvement in the complex mechanisms of autophagy.