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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Bladder01:23

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The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
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Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra01:19

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The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...
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Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

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Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...
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Cancer02:18

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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What is Cancer?02:12

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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
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Ventilators are essential medical equipment used to aid patients with respiratory difficulties. Their primary function is to assist or replace spontaneous breathing by providing mechanical ventilation. There are two general classes of mechanical ventilators: negative-pressure and positive-pressure ventilators.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

3-D Cell Culture System for Studying Invasion and Evaluating Therapeutics in Bladder Cancer
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[Radiochemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer : An update].

N Tselis1, F J Prott2, O Ott3

  • 1Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Onkologie, Universitätsklinikum Frankfurt, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt/Main, Deutschland. nikolaos.tselis@kgu.de.

Der Urologe. Ausg. A
|April 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Multimodal therapy, including transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TUR-B) and radiochemotherapy (RCT), offers a viable organ-preservation alternative to radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Keywords:
CisplatinCystectomyLymphadenectomyOrgan preservationResektion, transurethrale

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Urology

Background:

  • Radical cystectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy is the standard treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
  • Organ-preservation using multimodal therapy presents a viable alternative to radical surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the concept and outcomes of multimodal therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
  • To evaluate organ-preservation treatment regimens and compare them with cystectomy.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluation of retrospective cohorts and prospective studies on organ-preservation.
  • Comparative meta-analyses of cystectomy versus multimodal treatment.

Main Results:

  • Complete transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TUR-B) followed by simultaneous radiochemotherapy (RCT) is recommended.
  • Cisplatin-based or 5-fluorouracil/mitomycin C regimens are effective radiosensitizers.
  • Complete response rates of 60-90%, 5-year survival of 40-75%, and bladder preservation in ~80% of survivors.

Conclusions:

  • Multimodal therapy (TUR-B + RCT) is a viable alternative to radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
  • Patients with early-stage tumors (cT2/3N0) achieving complete resection (R0) after TUR-B are ideal candidates.