New percutaneous interventions in heart failure

Area of Science:

• Interventional Cardiology
• Cardiovascular Devices
• Heart Failure Management

Background:

• Chronic heart failure (HF) significantly contributes to global mortality and morbidity.
• Increasing HF prevalence is linked to improved acute cardiac care, leading to reduced immediate mortality but higher long-term burden.
• HF presents as reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), often indicating diastolic dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current and investigational transcatheter implantable devices for chronic heart failure (HF).
• To summarize treatment alternatives for valvular issues like mitral and tricuspid regurgitation in HF patients.
• To explore novel device-based strategies for left ventricular (LV) restoration and left atrial decompression.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of approved and investigational interventional HF devices.
• Analysis of device mechanisms for treating HF complications such as valvular regurgitation and diastolic dysfunction.
• Evaluation of emerging technologies including partitioning and shunting devices.

Main Results:

• Several transcatheter devices are approved or under investigation for HF management.
• Interventional options exist for mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, improving HF symptoms.
• Novel devices aim for LV restoration and left atrial pressure reduction.

Conclusions:

• Transcatheter device therapy represents a rapidly evolving frontier in managing chronic heart failure.
• These devices offer potential improvements for patients with HFrEF and HFpEF, particularly those with valvular disease.
• Further research and clinical trials are essential to establish the role of new interventional HF devices.