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Related Experiment Video

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Hunger makes apex predators do risky things.

Stan Boutin1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.

The Journal of Animal Ecology
|April 14, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hungry pumas (Puma concolor) are more likely to hunt in residential areas, increasing conflict risk. Well-fed pumas avoid these urban interface zones, even with abundant prey.

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Wildlife Biology
  • Conservation Science

Background:

  • Apex predators like pumas (Puma concolor) inhabit wildland-urban interfaces (WUI).
  • Understanding predator behavior in response to human presence is crucial for coexistence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how hunger influences puma's risk-avoidance behavior in the WUI.
  • To determine if puma hunting patterns change in residential areas based on their nutritional state.

Main Methods:

  • GPS telemetry collars were used to track puma movements and kill sites.
  • Data were analyzed to correlate puma hunger levels (days since last kill) with habitat use and hunting success in residential patches.

Main Results:

  • Well-fed pumas (1-2 days since kill) strongly avoided residential patches, despite higher mule deer densities and kill success.
  • Hungrier pumas (4-10 days since kill) showed significantly reduced avoidance of residential areas.
  • Hunger diminished risk aversion, increasing the likelihood of pumas hunting in human-populated zones.

Conclusions:

  • Puma's hunger state is a key factor mediating their response to human-dominated landscapes.
  • Behavioral plasticity in response to hunger can increase the probability of human-puma conflict in WUI.
  • Management strategies for puma in WUI should consider predator nutritional status and its impact on habitat use.