Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF
03:42

Author Spotlight: Exploring the Relationship Between Lipotoxicity and HFpEF

Published on: March 29, 2024

2.1K

The a´ velocity in the tissue Doppler predicts S/D ratio <1 in patients with a normal ejection fraction

Benny Johansson1, Fredrik Lundin2, Rolf Tegeback3

  • 1a Department of Clinical Physiology , Örebro University Hospital , Örebro , Sweden.

Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal : SCJ
|April 14, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The a´ velocity is a better predictor of dominant pulmonary vein flow (S/D ratio <1) than e´ velocity in patients with normal ejection fraction. This finding holds true regardless of diastolic classification, suggesting a role for left atrial function.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Echocardiography
  • Diastolic Function

Background:

  • Diastolic dysfunction is common in patients with preserved ejection fraction.
  • Pulmonary vein flow patterns, assessed by the S/D ratio, can indicate diastolic dysfunction.
  • Tissue Doppler imaging provides velocities (a´ and e´) that reflect diastolic function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the predictive ability of a´ velocity versus e´ velocity for dominant pulmonary vein flow (S/D ratio <1).
  • To assess these velocities in patients with normal ejection fraction and preserved systolic function.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective evaluation of 293 in-hospital patients with normal ejection fraction (>50%).
  • Assessment of diastolic function using ASE/EACVI guidelines, S/D ratio, and septal/lateral a´ and e´ velocities.
  • Patients were in sinus rhythm with no or mild valve disease.

Main Results:

  • A significant inverse correlation was observed between S/D ratio and a´ velocity.
  • Patients with S/D ratio <1 exhibited significantly lower septal and lateral a´ velocities compared to those with S/D ratio ≥1.
  • No significant differences in e´ velocity or ejection fraction were found between groups with S/D ratio <1 and S/D ratio ≥1.

Conclusions:

  • A´ velocity is superior to e´ velocity in predicting S/D ratio <1 in patients with normal ejection fraction.
  • This predictive superiority is independent of the ASE/EACVI diastolic classification.
  • A failing left atrium is proposed as the underlying reason for these findings.
Abstract

Keywords:
ASE/EACVI guidelinesE/a´ratioS/D ratioa´ velocitydiastolic dysfunctionejection fractione´ velocitytissue doppler

More Related Videos

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs07:09

A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

Published on: February 18, 2022

2.4K
Blood Flow Imaging with Ultrafast Doppler05:57

Blood Flow Imaging with Ultrafast Doppler

Published on: October 14, 2020

8.5K

Related Concept Videos

Predicting Products: SN1 vs. SN202:27

Predicting Products: SN1 vs. SN2

Nucleophilic substitution reactions of alkyl halides can proceed via an SN1 or an SN2 mechanism. While in SN2 reactions, the nucleophile attacks the substrate simultaneously as the leaving group departs, in SN1 reactions, the substrate first dissociates to give the carbocation intermediate. Various factors such as the structure of the substrate, the strength of the nucleophile, and the nature of the solvent promote one mechanism over the other.
With increased substitution on the alkyl halide,...
17.4K
Doppler Effect - I00:56

Doppler Effect - I

The Doppler effect and Doppler shift were named after the Austrian physicist and mathematician Christian Johann Doppler in 1842, who conducted experiments with both moving sources and moving observers. Consider an observer standing on a street corner, observing an ambulance with a siren sound passing by at a constant speed. The observer experiences two characteristic changes in the sound of the siren. Initially, the sound increases in loudness as the ambulance approaches and decreases in...
6.5K
Doppler Effect - II01:05

Doppler Effect - II

The Doppler effect has several practical, real-world applications. For instance, meteorologists use Doppler radars to interpret weather events based on the Doppler effect. Typically, a transmitter emits radio waves at a specific frequency toward the sky from a weather station. The radio waves bounce off the clouds and precipitation and travel back to the weather station. The radio frequency of the waves reflected back to the station appears to decrease if the clouds or precipitation are moving...
4.8K
Predicting Molecular Geometry02:27

Predicting Molecular Geometry

VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries
46.1K
Poisson's Ratio01:23

Poisson's Ratio

Poisson's ratio is a material property that indicates their stress response. It explains the connection between the elongation or compression a material undergoes in the direction of an applied force and the contraction or expansion it experiences perpendicular to that force. When a slender bar is loaded axially, it stretches in the direction of the force and contracts laterally. Poisson's ratio is the negative ratio of this lateral contraction to the axial elongation. The negative sign...
1.2K
Odds Ratio01:09

Odds Ratio

The odds ratio (OR) is a statistical measure used extensively in epidemiology and research to quantify the strength of association between exposure and outcome across different groups. Unlike relative risk, which compares the probabilities of an event occurring, the odds ratio compares the odds of an event occurring in the exposed group to the odds of it occurring in the unexposed group. The odds, in this context, are calculated as the probability of the event happening divided by the...
1.9K