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Polymorphonuclear neutrophils function in untreated patients with chronic myeloid leukemia
H Wysocki1, B Wierusz-Wysocka, H Siekierka
1Department of Hematology, Academy of Medicine, Poznán, Poland.
Abstract:
Morphologically mature polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) isolated from the peripheral blood of 30 patients were examined. These cells manifested the diminution of phagocytosis, random migration, chemotaxis, thermotaxis and bactericidal capacity. The surface charge of circulating PMN and the percent representation of cells with receptor for Fc IgG were significantly decreased. Stimulated as well as unstimulated oxygen consumption, production of O2- and H2O2 were significantly decreased, whereas the hexose monophosphate shunt activity was similar to that noticed in controls. The aggregation of leukemic PMN was practically normal, however their adherence was significantly higher. The possible mechanisms responsible for the observed PMN defects are discussed.
Insights
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) from leukemia patients show reduced function, including phagocytosis and bactericidal capacity. These immune cell defects may stem from altered surface charge and Fc IgG receptor expression.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) are critical immune cells.
- Leukemia can impact immune cell function.
- Understanding PMN defects in leukemia is important for treatment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the functional and biochemical properties of PMN in leukemia patients.
- To identify specific defects in PMN from leukemia patients.
Main Methods:
- Morphological examination of PMN isolated from peripheral blood of 30 leukemia patients.
- Assays for phagocytosis, migration (random, chemotaxis, thermotaxis), and bactericidal capacity.
- Measurement of surface charge, Fc IgG receptor expression, oxygen consumption, superoxide (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production, hexose monophosphate shunt activity, aggregation, and adherence.
Main Results:
- Leukemic PMN exhibited diminished phagocytosis, random migration, chemotaxis, thermotaxis, and bactericidal capacity.
- Significantly decreased surface charge and Fc IgG receptor expression were observed in circulating PMN.
- Reduced stimulated and unstimulated oxygen consumption, O2-, and H2O2 production were noted.
- Hexose monophosphate shunt activity remained similar to controls.
- Leukemic PMN showed normal aggregation but significantly higher adherence.
Conclusions:
- Leukemia is associated with significant functional and biochemical defects in PMN.
- Altered surface charge and Fc IgG receptor expression may contribute to PMN dysfunction in leukemia.
- Further research into the mechanisms underlying these PMN defects is warranted.