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Related Concept Videos

Schizophrenia01:17

Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a term introduced by Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler in 1911, describes a severe psychological disorder marked by profound disruptions in attention, thought processes, language, emotion, and interpersonal relationships. The core feature of schizophrenia is psychosis — a state characterized by a fundamental detachment from reality. This disconnection manifests through distorted logic, impaired perception, and atypical behavior, severely affecting the lives of those...
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Biological Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Biological Causes of Schizophrenia

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Schizophrenia, a severe psychiatric disorder, arises from a complex interplay of biological factors, including genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities, neurotransmitter dysregulation, and developmental irregularities. These factors collectively contribute to the onset and progression of the disorder, which typically manifests in late adolescence or early adulthood.
Genetic Factors in Schizophrenia
The genetic basis of schizophrenia is strongly supported by family and twin...
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Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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Protein Networks02:26

Protein Networks

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An organism can have thousands of different proteins, and these proteins must cooperate to ensure the health of an organism. Proteins bind to other proteins and form complexes to carry out their functions. Many proteins interact with multiple other proteins creating a complex network of protein interactions.
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Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

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Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
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Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

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Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
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Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
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Hippocampal Network Modularity Is Associated With Relational Memory Dysfunction in Schizophrenia.

Suzanne N Avery1, Baxter P Rogers2, Stephan Heckers3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

Biological Psychiatry. Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging
|April 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Schizophrenia patients exhibit reduced functional network organization in the hippocampus, particularly in posterior regions, correlating with impaired relational memory. This suggests abnormal corticohippocampal network coherence contributes to memory deficits in schizophrenia.

Keywords:
Cognitive dysfunctionFunctional connectivityGraph theoryPosterior hippocampusPsychosisResting-state fMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Functional dysconnectivity is a key theory in schizophrenia pathophysiology.
  • The hippocampus plays a crucial role in memory and is implicated in schizophrenia-related cognitive dysfunction.
  • Recent advancements allow detailed exploration of functional brain networks.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the modularity of hippocampal resting-state functional networks in schizophrenia.
  • To examine differences in network organization between patients and healthy controls.
  • To explore the relationship between network modularity and relational memory.

Main Methods:

  • Analyzed resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 45 schizophrenia patients and 38 healthy controls.
  • Calculated network modularity for core hippocampal-medial temporal lobe cortex and extended hippocampal-cortical networks.
  • Performed separate analyses for anterior and posterior hippocampal networks and assessed associations with relational memory.

Main Results:

  • Schizophrenia patients displayed significantly lower network modularity, especially in posterior hippocampal networks.
  • Patients showed deficits in relational memory compared to controls.
  • A distinct brain-behavior relationship was observed: controls linked relational memory to anterior networks, while schizophrenia patients linked it to posterior networks.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the hypothesis of abnormal resting-state corticohippocampal network coherence in schizophrenia.
  • Altered network organization may underlie the relational memory impairments seen in schizophrenia.
  • The anterior-posterior differentiation in network-behavior correlations highlights specific hippocampal-cortical circuit dysfunction.