An Automatic and Robust Decision Support System for Accurate Acute Leukemia Diagnosis from Blood Microscopic Images

This paper proposes an automatic and robust decision support system for accurate acute leukemia diagnosis from blood microscopic images. It is a challenging issue to segment leukocytes under uneven imaging conditions since features of microscopic leukocyte images change in different laboratories. Therefore, this paper introduces an automatic robust method to segment leukocyte from blood microscopic images. The proposed robust segmentation technique was designed based on the fact that if background and erythrocytes could be removed from the blood microscopic image, the remainder area will indicate leukocyte candidate regions. A new set of features based on hematologist visual criteria for the recognition of malignant leukocytes in blood samples comprising shape, color, and LBP-based texture features are extracted. Two new ensemble classifiers are proposed for healthy and malignant leukocytes classification which each of them is highly effective in different levels of analysis. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach effectively segments leukocytes from various types of blood microscopic images. The proposed method performs better than other available methods in terms of robustness and accuracy. The final accuracy rate achieved by the proposed method is 98.10% in cell level. To the best of our knowledge, the image level test for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) recognition was performed on the proposed system for the first time that achieves the best accuracy rate of 89.81%.