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For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

An Integrated Workflow of Identification and Quantification on FDR Control-Based Untargeted Metabolome
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LC-MS Untargeted Analysis.

Elizabeth J Want1

  • 1Computational and Systems Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK. e.want@imperial.ac.uk.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 15, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) untargeted analysis is a powerful technique for metabolic profiling. Advances in instrumentation and methods continue to enhance its application in biological research.

Keywords:
LC-MSLiquid chromatographyMass spectrometryMetabolic profilingUntargeted

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolomics and Metabonomics
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is a key technology for metabolic profiling.
  • Its applications have expanded significantly in the last decade due to advantages like speed, sensitivity, and broad dynamic range.
  • Ongoing advancements in column chemistries and instrumentation address existing challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail various untargeted LC-MS approaches for biological sample analysis.
  • To provide guidance on optimizing these methods based on sample type and research questions.

Main Methods:

  • Untargeted Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS)
  • Metabolomic analysis of biological samples
  • Method optimization for diverse study needs

Main Results:

  • LC-MS offers superior speed, sensitivity, and dynamic range compared to other platforms.
  • Numerous untargeted LC-MS strategies exist, adaptable to specific research contexts.
  • Continuous improvements in analytical techniques are being made.

Conclusions:

  • Untargeted LC-MS is a versatile and increasingly sophisticated tool for comprehensive metabolic profiling.
  • The choice of LC-MS approach should be tailored to the specific biological question and sample matrix.
  • Further developments promise even greater utility in metabolic research.