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Risk factors for influenza-related complications in children during the 2009/10 pandemic: a UK primary care cohort

J J Lee1, C Bankhead1, M Smith1

  • 1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Epidemiology and Infection
|April 16, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children with asthma or neurological conditions face higher risks of influenza complications. Early interventions in primary care should prioritize these vulnerable pediatric groups during flu seasons.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Primary Care Medicine

Background:

  • Primary care clinicians play a crucial role in managing influenza and influenza-like illness (ILI).
  • Identifying risk factors for severe outcomes in children during influenza pandemics is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors for influenza-related complications in children presenting with influenza/ILI in primary care settings.
  • To inform community-based early intervention strategies for preventing clinical deterioration.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study design was employed using linked electronic health records from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink.
  • Data included children aged 17 and younger presenting with influenza/ILI during the 2009/10 pandemic.
  • Odds ratios were calculated for risk factors associated with complications, pneumonia, and hospitalization, adjusting for confounders.

Main Results:

  • Asthma was significantly associated with increased risk of influenza-related complications (aOR 1.48), complications requiring intervention (aOR 1.44), pneumonia (aOR 1.64), and influenza-related hospitalization (aOR 2.46).
  • Neurological conditions were a risk factor for all-cause hospitalization (aOR 4.25) but not specifically for influenza-related complications.
  • Adjusted analyses accounted for age, vaccination status, and socioeconomic deprivation.

Conclusions:

  • Children with asthma and neurological conditions represent high-risk groups for influenza-related complications and hospitalization.
  • Targeted community-based interventions focusing on these pediatric populations are recommended to prevent severe influenza outcomes.
  • Primary care management strategies should consider these identified risk factors for proactive patient care.

Keywords:
Childreninfluenzaprimary carerisk factors

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