Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 11, 2026
04:08
Mouse Model of Surgical Uterine Injury and Subsequent Pregnancy Outcomes
Published on: June 27, 2025
1.2K
Outcomes after open and laparoscopic appendectomy during pregnancy: A meta-analysis
Anastasia Prodromidou1, Nikolaos Machairas1, Ioannis D Kostakis1
1Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, "Laiko" General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece.
Summary
Laparoscopic appendectomy in pregnant women shows fewer complications and shorter hospital stays than open surgery. However, it is linked to higher fetal loss rates, necessitating further research for optimal management.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Surgical Gastroenterology
- Perinatal Medicine
Background:
- Acute appendicitis is a frequent surgical emergency in pregnancy.
- Optimal surgical management for appendicitis during pregnancy remains debated.
- Existing evidence lacks consensus on the best surgical approach.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare surgical and obstetrical outcomes of laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) versus open appendectomy (OA) in pregnant patients.
- To evaluate complication rates, hospital stay, and fetal outcomes associated with each surgical approach.
- To synthesize current evidence through a meta-analysis.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane CENTRAL, Clinicaltrials.gov) up to May 2017.
- Prospective and retrospective studies reporting outcomes for pregnant women undergoing LA or OA were included.
- A meta-analysis of 20 eligible studies, involving 6210 pregnant women, was performed following PRISMA guidelines.
Main Results:
- Laparoscopic appendectomy was associated with significantly lower overall complication rates and shorter hospital stays compared to open appendectomy.
- Open appendectomy showed a prolongation of gestational age at delivery.
- Laparoscopic appendectomy patients experienced higher rates of fetal loss.
Conclusions:
- The optimal surgical approach for appendicitis in pregnant women is not yet definitively established.
- Current literature is inconclusive regarding the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic appendectomy in pregnancy.
- Larger studies are required to clarify the impact of laparoscopic appendectomy on fetal loss rates.
Related Concept Videos
02:24Predicting Reaction Outcomes
11.0K
Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
11.0K
01:09Directing Effect of Substituents: meta-Directing Groups
6.0K
Substituents on the benzene ring that direct an incoming electrophile to undergo substitution at the meta position are called meta directors. All meta directors either have a positive charge on the atom directly bonded to the ring or a partial positive charge. These groups function by withdrawing electrons from the ring through inductive and resonance effects. Consider the carbocation intermediates formed upon the addition of an electrophile on nitrobenzene at the...
6.0K
01:13Outcomes of Glycolysis
107.7K
Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
107.7K
01:11Guidelines for Writing Outcome
4.0K
When developing expected outcomes for a patient care plan, the nurse should adhere to the following recommendations:
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
Patient outcomes reflect the patient's response to the goal rather than what the nurse aims to achieve. Terminology should be observable and measurable to avoid the reader's interpretation. The desired outcome should be realistic and achievable in the designated care timeframe. Expected outcomes should align with adjunctive therapies. The outcome should enhance care...
4.0K
01:13meta-Directing Deactivators: –NO2, –CN, –CHO, –CO2R, –COR, –CO2H
6.8K
All meta-directing substituents are deactivating groups. These substituents withdraw electrons from the aromatic ring, making the ring less reactive toward electrophilic substitution. For example, the nitration of nitrobenzene is 100,000 times slower than that of benzene because of the deactivating effect of the nitro group. The first step in an electrophilic aromatic substitution is the addition of an electrophile to form a resonance-stabilized carbocation. The energy diagrams for...
6.8K
03:46Qualitative Analysis
24.8K
For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
For instance, group IV...
24.8K