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Monocyte function in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.

Daniel A Pollyea1, Brenna R Hedin2,3, Brian P O'Connor2,3,4,5

  • 1Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|April 16, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Monocytes in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients show normal immune functions, potentially compensating for neutropenia. Their function also correlates with MDS disease severity, offering insights into infection risk.

Keywords:
LPSPBMChuman leukocyte antigen-antigen D relatedmyelodysplastic syndromephagocytosis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Hematology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a stem cell disorder often progressing to acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
  • MDS patients frequently suffer infections due to neutropenia and neutrophil dysfunction.
  • The compensatory role of other immune cells, particularly monocytes, in MDS is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate monocyte composition and function in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome.
  • To assess monocyte HLA-DR expression, cytokine production, and phagocytosis in MDS.
  • To correlate monocyte immune functions with clinical parameters in MDS.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of peripheral blood monocyte composition.
  • Measurement of monocyte HLA-DR expression.
  • Assessment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory cytokine production.
  • Evaluation of monocyte phagocytic activity.

Main Results:

  • Monocytes from MDS patients demonstrated largely normal innate immune functions compared to healthy controls.
  • A moderate increase in HLA-DR expression was observed on monocytes from MDS patients.
  • Monocyte immune function parameters correlated with clinical indicators like blast count and prognostic scores.

Conclusions:

  • Monocytes may play a compensatory role in immune defense for MDS patients, despite neutropenia.
  • Increased HLA-DR expression suggests potential alterations in monocyte antigen presentation.
  • Disease severity significantly influences monocyte function in myelodysplastic syndrome.