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Related Concept Videos

Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

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Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced...
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What is Metabolism?00:52

What is Metabolism?

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Overview
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Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

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The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin...
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Mineral, Vitamin and Water Absorption01:27

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Electrolytes are essential minerals and ions primarily obtained from the diet and absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Most electrolytes are absorbed in the small intestine. While the absorption of iron and calcium primarily occurs in the duodenum, calcium is also absorbed in the jejunum and ileum. In these regions, passive diffusion contributes to its absorption alongside active transport mechanisms in the duodenum. These ions can exit the enterocytes through specialized active...
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
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Carbohydrate Metabolism01:36

Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Carbohydrates are polymers composed of molecules containing atoms of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. One gram of carbohydrate can provide four kilo-calories of energy, which makes it the most efficient instant energy source.
Starch accounts for approximately 60% of the carbohydrates consumed by humans. Since amylase enzymes cannot function in the stomach's acidic environment, starch can only be digested in the mouth and small intestine. Simple sugars are found naturally in milk and fruits in...
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Exploring Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism of Single 3D Microtissue Spheroids Using Extracellular Flux Analysis
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Exploring vitamin D metabolism and function in cancer.

Sang-Min Jeon1,2, Eun-Ae Shin3

  • 1College of Pharmacy, Ajou University, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16499, Republic of Korea. smjeon@ajou.ac.kr.

Experimental & Molecular Medicine
|April 17, 2018
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Vitamin D plays a role beyond bone health, showing potential in cancer prevention and treatment. However, cancer-related dysregulation of vitamin D metabolism hinders its anti-cancer effects, necessitating further research for effective therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Vitamin D is a nutrient and steroid hormone precursor regulating physiological processes.
  • Beyond bone metabolism, vitamin D shows potential in preventing and treating extra-skeletal diseases, including cancer.
  • Vitamin D undergoes liver and kidney metabolism to form calcitriol, which interacts with the vitamin D receptor (VDR).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of vitamin D in cancer development and progression.
  • To investigate the dysregulation of vitamin D metabolism and function in various cancers.
  • To highlight the potential of understanding these dysregulations for developing novel cancer therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological, preclinical, and cellular research on vitamin D and cancer.
  • Analysis of canonical and non-canonical vitamin D metabolic pathways.
  • Examination of vitamin D receptor (VDR) interactions and gene expression regulation.

Main Results:

  • Vitamin D exhibits numerous proposed anticancer properties.
  • Metabolism and functions of vitamin D are frequently dysregulated in cancers.
  • This dysregulation can lead to resistance to vitamin D's anti-cancer effects, promoting cancer progression.

Conclusions:

  • Dysregulated vitamin D metabolism and function are implicated in cancer development and progression.
  • Understanding these dysregulations is crucial for developing effective vitamin D-based cancer therapies.
  • Targeting vitamin D pathways offers a promising strategy for future cancer treatment.