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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Investigating the Function of Deep Cortical and Subcortical Structures Using Stereotactic Electroencephalography: Lessons from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex

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Published on: April 15, 2015

Psychopathic traits influence amygdala-anterior cingulate cortex connectivity during facial emotion processing.

Michael P Ewbank¹, Luca Passamonti², Cindy C Hagan^3,4

¹Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 7EF, UK.

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

|April 17, 2018

Summary

Youths with Conduct Disorder (CD) show reduced amygdala activity when processing emotional faces. Psychopathic traits, however, impact amygdala-ventral anterior cingulate cortex connectivity, suggesting distinct neural mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Psychiatry

Background:

Antisocial behavior and psychopathic traits in youth are linked to impaired facial emotion recognition.
Neural mechanisms behind these deficits, particularly effective connectivity, remain understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of Conduct Disorder (CD) and psychopathic traits on amygdala activity and effective connectivity during facial emotion processing in male youths.
To examine group differences in amygdala responses and functional interactions between limbic regions.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and psycho-physiological interaction (PPI) analyses were employed.
46 male youths with CD and 25 typically-developing controls (aged 16-21) processed emotional faces.

Main Results:

Youths with CD exhibited reduced amygdala activity to angry/sad faces compared to neutral faces, with no significant group differences in amygdala effective connectivity.
Psychopathic traits showed a negative correlation with amygdala-ventral anterior cingulate cortex connectivity for angry vs. neutral faces.

Conclusions:

Conduct Disorder and psychopathic traits have differential effects on amygdala activation and functional connectivity in youths during facial emotion processing.
Findings highlight distinct neural underpinnings for antisocial behavior and psychopathic traits in adolescent facial emotion processing.