Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Patient-derived Orthotopic Xenograft Models for Human Urothelial Cell Carcinoma and Colorectal Cancer Tumor Growth and Spontaneous Metastasis
Published on: May 12, 2019
Expression of PLAGL2 in bladder urothelial carcinoma and its relationship to lymph node metastasis and survival
Genyi Qu1, Yong Xu2, Shaw P Wan3
1Department of Urology, ZhuZhou Central Hospital, South Changjiang Road, Tianyuan district, ZhuZhou, 412007, China.
Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate PLAGL2 expression associated with pathological features and prognosis and predicted lymph node metastases in the bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC) tissue. The pathologic specimens and clinical data of 203 patients with bladder urothelial carcinoma after radical resection were collected. The expression of PLAGL2 was detected by immunohistochemically staining. The influence on lymph node metastasis and the prognoses of BUC patients were analyzed. The expression of PLAGL2 in BUC and positive lymph nodes was significantly higher than the normal bladder tissues (89.06% and 76.56% vs 21.88%, P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that PLAGL2 expression was an independent risk factor for BUC lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). COX proportional hazards regression model showed that the time to recurrence and overall survival of patients with overexpression of PLAGL2 were significantly lower than those with low expression (P < 0.05). PLAGL2 is highly expressed in the BUC tissue and metastatic lymph node relative to the normal bladder tissue. This expression correlates to tumor size and number, and tumor grade and stage. Overexpression of PLAGL2 can be an independent predictor for lymph node metastasis and patient survival.
More Related Videos
07:45Author Spotlight: A Model to Study the Systemic and Local Dynamics of CD8+ T Cells During LN Metastasis
Published on: January 26, 2024
07:13Comparison of Predictive Performance of Three Lymph Node Staging Systems in Colorectal Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma Based on Machine Learning Model
Published on: April 18, 2025
Related Concept Videos
Detailed Structure and Function of Lymph Nodes
From a histological perspective, lymph nodes can be split into two main areas: the superficial cortex and the deep medulla. The outer cortex is populated by dendritic cells, macrophages, and B lymphocytes, which are densely packed into follicles. When these B-lymphocytes are presented...
Relationship Formation
Metastasis
Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition
The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition or EMT is a developmental process commonly observed in wound healing, embryogenesis, and cancer metastasis. EMT is induced by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) or receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) ligands, which further...
Ending Relationships
Survival Curves
The Kaplan-Meier estimator is the most common method for constructing survival curves. This...
Survival Tree
Building a Survival Tree
Constructing a...