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Intraventricular Haemorrhage Complicated by Hydrocephalus in an Acutely Encephalopathic Preterm Infant

Kene Maduemem1, Sameen Khalid2, Maya Hariharan2

  • 1Pediatrics, Walsall Manor hospital.

Cureus
|April 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants can lead to post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH). This case highlights an unusual recovery in a severely affected infant, warranting further study.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Perinatal Research

Background:

  • Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) originates from the germinal matrix in preterm infants, often leading to post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH).
  • IVH and PHH are significant contributors to neonatal morbidity and mortality.
  • The pathogenesis of IVH is complex and multifactorial.

Observation:

  • A preterm male infant presented with clinical stillbirth and severe encephalopathy.
  • The infant experienced bilateral IVH (Grade III right, Grade IV left) resulting in PHH.
  • Despite a challenging perinatal course, the infant demonstrated a remarkable recovery.

Findings:

  • The case presents an intriguing outcome of severe IVH and PHH in a preterm neonate.
  • The infant's recovery suggests potential resilience or unidentified protective factors.
  • Long-term follow-up is crucial to assess developmental outcomes and potential sequelae.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the variability in outcomes for preterm infants with severe IVH and PHH.
  • Further research is needed to understand the factors contributing to unexpected recovery.
  • The role of therapeutic interventions like cooling in such cases remains a subject for debate and investigation.

Keywords:
acute encephalopathyhydrocephalusintraventricular haemorrhage

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