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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Evaluating In Vitro DNA Damage Using Comet Assay
Published on: October 11, 2017
Imidacloprid Causes DNA Damage in Fish: Clastogenesis as a Mechanism of Genotoxicity
Fernando G Iturburu1, María F Simoniello2, Sandra Medici3
1Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC)- UNMDP, CONICET, Facultad Cs. Ex. y Nat., Funes 3350, 7600, Mar del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Abstract:
Neonicotinoids are one of the most widely used insecticides in the world. DNA damage is considered an early biological effect which could lead to reproductive and carcinogenic effects. The present study aimed to evaluate DNA damage and bases oxidation as a mechanism of genotoxicity, on the freshwater fish Australoheros facetus acutely exposed to imidacloprid (IMI). The Comet assay with the nuclease ENDO III enzyme was performed for detecting pyrimidine bases oxidation using blood samples. Micronucleus and other nuclear abnormalities frequencies were also quantified. A significant increase of damage index at 100 and 1000 µg/L IMI was detected; while ENDO III score increased from 1 to 1000 µg/L IMI; varying both in a linear concentration-response manner. MN frequency increased in fish exposed to 1000 µg/L IMI. These results show that short-term exposures to environmentally relevant concentrations of IMI could affect the genetic integrity of fishes through oxidative damage.
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