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Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
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Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
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Effects of Cogmed working memory training on cognitive performance.

Joseph L Etherton1, Crystal D Oberle2, Jayson Rhoton2

  • 1233 UAC, Texas State University, 601 University Dr., San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA. Je27@txstate.edu.

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|April 18, 2018
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Summary

Working memory training using the Cogmed program showed no cognitive benefits for most tasks. The study found limited improvement only on a digit span task, suggesting WM training doesn't enhance unrelated cognitive abilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Cognition

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) training research yields inconsistent findings.
  • Previous studies often used specific lab tasks or dual-task n-back training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cognitive benefits of the commercial Cogmed Working Memory (WM) Training program.
  • To assess if Cogmed WM training improves attention, working memory, fluid intelligence, and executive functions.

Main Methods:

  • Healthy college undergraduates participated in either full Cogmed training (25x40min), abbreviated Cogmed training (25x20min), or a control group.
  • Pretest and posttest assessments included various measures of attention, WM, fluid intelligence, and executive functions.

Main Results:

  • The full Cogmed training group showed improvement on a digit span task.
  • No significant training-related improvements were observed in other cognitive measures for any group.

Conclusions:

  • Cogmed Working Memory (WM) training did not demonstrate broad cognitive benefits.
  • WM training may not enhance performance on unrelated cognitive tasks or improve general cognitive abilities.