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The essential and multifunctional TFIIH complex
Jenna K Rimel1, Dylan J Taatjes1
1Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 80303.
Protein Science : a Publication of the Protein Society
|April 18, 2018
Summary
The transcription factor II H (TFIIH) complex is vital for RNA polymerase II transcription and DNA repair. Recent advances illuminate its structure, function, and role in diseases.
Area of Science:
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
- Genetics
Background:
- TFIIH is a multi-subunit complex crucial for RNA polymerase II transcription.
- Its functions extend beyond transcription to DNA repair and cell cycle regulation.
- Understanding TFIIH is essential for comprehending fundamental cellular processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the major cellular roles of TFIIH, emphasizing its regulatory function in transcription.
- To detail TFIIH's structure and its involvement in transcription initiation, pausing, elongation, and termination.
- To discuss TFIIH's non-transcriptional roles and its connection to diseases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent advancements in TFIIH research.
- Analysis of structural data, including cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) findings.
- Summary of studies on chemical inhibitors and disease associations.
Main Results:
- TFIIH plays critical roles in multiple stages of RNA polymerase II transcription.
- Beyond transcription, TFIIH is implicated in DNA repair and cell cycle control.
- Technological progress has significantly enhanced our understanding of TFIIH.
- Small molecule inhibitors targeting TFIIH have been developed.
Conclusions:
- TFIIH is a versatile molecular machine with diverse and essential cellular functions.
- Dysregulation of TFIIH is linked to various human diseases.
- Continued research promises further insights into TFIIH biology and therapeutic strategies.
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