Clinical problems in hemodialysis patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

Ismail Kocyigit1, Eray Eroglu1, Ozkan Gungor2

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey.

Seminars in Dialysis
|April 18, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a genetic kidney disorder causing large cysts. This review focuses on managing ADPKD complications in hemodialysis patients.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Genetics
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a common inherited kidney disorder.
  • It leads to massive kidney cyst enlargement and is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • ADPKD is a multi-system disorder associated with hypertension and cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review specific clinical problems encountered in ADPKD patients undergoing hemodialysis.
  • To discuss current management strategies for these clinical issues.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical problems and management in ADPKD patients on hemodialysis.
  • Synthesis of information on disease-specific complications and therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • ADPKD presents unique clinical challenges in hemodialysis patients.
  • Management requires addressing systemic complications alongside kidney disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of ADPKD in hemodialysis patients necessitates a comprehensive approach.
  • Addressing hypertension, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular complications is crucial for patient outcomes.

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
620
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
607
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
873
Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
1.6K
The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes02:45

The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes

In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.  
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female...
9.5K
Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
29.8K