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Related Concept Videos

Arteries of Lower Limbs01:20

Arteries of Lower Limbs

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The external iliac artery transitions out of the body cavity, entering the femoral region of the lower leg, and is renamed the femoral artery at the point where it traverses the body wall. This artery is responsible for the distribution of blood to the thigh's deep muscles and the skin's ventral and lateral regions, achieved through several minor branches and the lateral deep femoral artery, which also spawns a lateral circumflex artery. The knee area receives blood from the genicular...
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Veins of Lower Limbs01:15

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The human body consists of an intricate network of veins responsible for the crucial task of blood drainage from the lower limbs. These veins can be categorized into two main types: deep veins and superficial veins.
Formed by the union of the medial and lateral plantar veins, the posterior tibial vein, rising through the calf muscle, assimilates the fibular vein. The anterior tibial vein, a superior extension of the foot's dorsalis pedis vein, merges with the posterior tibial vein at the...
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Veins of Upper Limbs01:17

Veins of Upper Limbs

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The human circulatory system, a marvel of biological engineering, is a complex network of vessels that transport blood throughout the body. Among these, the veins responsible for carrying blood from the upper limbs are divided into two categories: deep and superficial.
The deep venous system is primarily composed of the ulnar and radial veins. The ulnar vein, which drains the fingers through the superficial palmar venous arches, and the radial vein, which serves the palms via the deep palmar...
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Arteries of the Upper Limbs01:12

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The subclavian artery transitions into the axillary artery as it exits the chest and enters the axillary region. This artery is critical for supplying blood to the shoulder area, including the head of the humerus, through the humeral circumflex arteries. As the vessel continues into the upper arm or brachium, it becomes the brachial artery. This artery plays a key role in vascularizing the brachial region and bifurcates at the elbow into several branches. These branches include the deep...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

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The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
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Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

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The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 11, 2026

An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
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Isolated Arteritis of Both Lower Limbs.

Miroslav Průcha1, Alena Šnajdrová2, Pavel Zdráhal3

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Haematology and Immunology, Na Homolce Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic. miroslav.prucha@homolka.cz.

Prague Medical Report
|April 18, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Isolated lower limb arteritis is rare but diagnosable with modern vascular imaging. Prompt diagnosis and immunosuppressive therapy are crucial, requiring interdisciplinary collaboration.

Keywords:
ArteritisDiagnosticsLower limbsTherapy

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Surgery
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Isolated arteritis affecting lower limb vessels is exceptionally uncommon.
  • Distinguishing it from systemic conditions like Takayasu's arteritis and giant-cell arteritis is critical.

Observation:

  • A case report details a female patient presenting with isolated arteritis confined to the lower extremities.
  • The patient exhibited no concurrent signs of systemic vascular damage or autoimmune disease.

Findings:

  • Modern vascular imaging significantly aids in the rapid diagnosis of lower limb arteritis.
  • Immunosuppressive therapy is essential for managing isolated lower extremity arteritis.

Implications:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis necessitates advanced imaging techniques.
  • Successful treatment hinges on a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach involving vascular specialists and rheumatologists.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering localized arteritis even without systemic indicators.