Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 11, 2026
05:17
Detection of Targetable Alterations in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer using Next-generation Sequencing
Published on: October 10, 2025
428
Microsatellite instability in prostate cancer by PCR or next-generation sequencing
Jennifer A Hempelmann1, Christina M Lockwood1, Eric Q Konnick1
1Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer
|April 19, 2018
Summary
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods for microsatellite instability (MSI) detection show superior sensitivity and specificity in prostate cancer compared to traditional MSI-PCR tests. These advanced NGS approaches are better suited for guiding immunotherapy in advanced prostate cancer patients.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Diagnostics
- Genomics
Background:
- Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a key biomarker for immunotherapy selection in advanced prostate cancer.
- Current diagnostic tests for MSI lack validation in prostate cancer specimens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the performance of two next-generation sequencing (NGS) based MSI detection methods.
- To compare NGS methods against the standard 5-marker MSI-PCR test for prostate cancer.
Main Methods:
- Two NGS panels (MSIplus with 18 markers, Large Panel NGS with >60 markers) were assessed.
- Performance was benchmarked against a 5-marker MSI-PCR assay.
- Validation involved comparison with targeted gene sequencing and immunohistochemistry for DNA mismatch-repair genes.
Main Results:
- MSIplus achieved 96.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity.
- Large Panel NGS demonstrated 93.1% sensitivity and 98.4% specificity.
- The 5-marker MSI-PCR assay showed lower sensitivity (72.4%) but 100% specificity.
Conclusions:
- The 5-marker MSI-PCR panel exhibits inadequate sensitivity for prostate cancer.
- NGS methods, particularly with larger marker panels, offer robust and reliable MSI detection in prostate cancer.
- NGS provides advantages including no need for non-tumor tissue and automated, quantitative analysis.
Related Concept Videos
03:00Next-generation Sequencing
98.8K
The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
98.8K
01:32PCR
238.5K
Overview
238.5K
02:17Microtubule Instability
6.3K
Microtubules are hollow cylindrical filaments having a diameter of approximately 25 nm and a length that varies from 200 nm to 25 μm. GTP-bound tubulin subunits form αβ-heterodimers for microtubule assembly. These core building blocks interact longitudinally, polymerizing into protofilaments. The protofilaments then interact with one another through lateral bonding forces to form stable cylindrical microtubules. These cylindrical filaments are dynamic as they undergo repeated...
6.3K
02:02Cis-regulatory Sequences
11.9K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
11.9K
01:29Sequences
295
Sequences are fundamental mathematical objects consisting of ordered lists of numbers that follow a specific rule or pattern. Sequences are critical in various mathematical concepts, including calculus, series, and number theory. They can model real-world phenomena such as population growth, financial investments, and physical processes like the diminishing height of a bouncing ball.Each number in a sequence is referred to as a term. Typically, the terms are denoted as a1, a2, a3,…, where...
295
01:57Sanger Sequencing
774.9K
DNA sequencing is a fundamental technique that is routinely used in the biological sciences. This method can be applied to a range of questions at different scales - from the sequencing of a cloned DNA fragment or the study of a mutation in a gene up to whole-genome sequencing. However, despite the widespread use of sequencing today, it was not until 1977 that Fredrick Sanger and his collaborators developed the chain-termination method to decode DNA sequences. It relies on the separation of a...
774.9K