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Updated: Feb 11, 2026

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
23:06

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis

Published on: August 11, 2008

19.7K

The burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children

H E Jenkins1, C M Yuen2

  • 1Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston.

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
|April 19, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Annually, 25,000-32,000 children contract multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), but only a small fraction receive treatment. Prioritizing pediatric MDR-TB diagnosis and treatment is crucial for saving lives.

Area of Science:

  • Global Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Childhood tuberculosis (TB) has been historically under-addressed.
  • Recent efforts have increased focus on pediatric multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB).
  • Estimating the global burden of pediatric MDR-TB remains a critical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current global incidence estimates for pediatric MDR-TB.
  • To generate mortality estimates for children with MDR-TB.
  • To assess the potential of household contact investigations in identifying pediatric MDR-TB cases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of global pediatric MDR-TB incidence data.
  • Integration of WHO treatment data and pediatric TB case fatality ratios.
  • Estimation of pediatric MDR-TB cases found through household contact investigations.

Main Results:

  • An estimated 25,000–32,000 children develop MDR-TB annually, representing 3% of pediatric TB cases.
  • Only 3–4% of these children receive necessary MDR-TB treatment.
  • An estimated 21% of children with MDR-TB disease mortality; household contact investigations could identify 12 times more cases.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric MDR-TB diagnosis and treatment require urgent prioritization.
  • Current treatment rates for pediatric MDR-TB are critically low.
  • Household contact investigations represent a promising strategy for improved case detection.
Abstract

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