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Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
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Local Use-Dependent Sleep in Wakefulness Links Performance Errors to Learning.

Angelica Quercia1, Filippo Zappasodi1,2, Giorgia Committeri1,2

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, G. d'Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|April 19, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brain regions can enter a sleep-like state during wakefulness, especially after learning tasks. This local sleep in wakefulness is linked to performance errors and brain plasticity.

Keywords:
delta activityerrorshigh-density EEGoverlearningtime on taskwayfinding

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Research
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Sleep and wakefulness are complex states, not entirely discrete.
  • Local use-dependent sleep (off-periods) can occur in active brain regions during wakefulness.
  • These off-periods have been linked to performance deficits, but their connection to learning in humans is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate local use-dependent sleep during wakefulness in humans.
  • To examine the relationship between off-periods, performance errors, and learning in spatial navigation tasks.
  • To explore the role of cortical plasticity in linking local sleep regulation to performance failures.

Main Methods:

  • High-density electroencephalographic (hd-EEG) recordings were used.
  • Participants performed two intensive spatial navigation tasks: one based on prior learning (Wayfinding) and a control task.
  • Source localization was employed to identify brain regions involved.

Main Results:

  • Increased delta activity, indicative of local sleep, was observed during the Wayfinding task but not the Control task.
  • Delta activity increments were localized to parietal and frontal cortices, crucial for spatial navigation.
  • Higher delta wave activity and number were associated with errors during the Wayfinding task.
  • A link was established between the use of spatial navigation circuits for learning and off-periods during wakefulness.

Conclusions:

  • Local sleep regulation in wakefulness is associated with performance failures.
  • These findings suggest a functional link between local sleep, performance errors, and learning-related cortical plasticity.
  • Wakefulness may not be a monolithic state, with brain regions exhibiting sleep-like dynamics impacting cognitive performance.