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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Face-to-face communication relies on contextual cues for comprehension.
  • Text-based communication lacks non-verbal cues, necessitating alternative methods for conveying emotion.
  • Emoticons are proposed as tools to convey emotional intentions in digital communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of emoticon valence in disambiguating emotional messages.
  • To determine if emoticon influence on disambiguation is independent of emotional valence.
  • To analyze the interaction between emoticon valence and message valence on mood perception and reaction times.

Main Methods:

  • An emotional congruence paradigm was employed.
  • Participants read messages with congruent or incongruent positive/negative sentences and emoticons.
  • Mood perception and reaction times (RTs) were measured for each condition.

Main Results:

  • Ambiguous messages tended toward negative mood perception, influenced by emoticon valence.
  • Negative mood perception was higher for incongruent positive emoticons.
  • Reaction times were faster for positive emoticons and slower for incongruent messages, especially with negative emoticons.

Conclusions:

  • Emoticon valence significantly impacts mood perception and disambiguation in text-based communication.
  • The interaction between emoticon valence and message valence is crucial for understanding emotional cues.
  • Emoticons play a vital role in cognitive processing and emotional interpretation in digital interactions.