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Daily internet time: towards an evidence-based recommendation?

André Berchtold1, Christina Akre2, Yara Barrense-Dias2

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The 2-hour daily screen time recommendation for children lacks empirical support. Adverse health effects in adolescents appear after 4 hours of daily internet use, not at lower durations.

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Health
  • Digital Media Use
  • Public Health Recommendations

Background:

  • A 2001 recommendation advised limiting children's screen time to 2 hours daily.
  • This guideline has been widely adopted but rarely empirically tested.
  • The study aimed to re-evaluate this recommendation in the context of current internet prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To empirically examine the validity of the 2-hour daily screen time recommendation for adolescents.
  • To investigate the association between internet usage duration and various health and well-being outcomes in 8th graders.
  • To provide evidence-based insights for current digital media use guidelines.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the ado@internet.ch survey (2012) of 2942 Swiss 8th graders.
  • Collected data on internet use, health outcomes, substance use, well-being, and demographics.
  • Performed bivariate statistical analyses to assess associations.

Main Results:

  • Significant associations were found between increased internet time and adverse consequences.
  • Adolescents spending 1.5-2.5 hours daily showed no difference in adverse health outcomes compared to a reference group.
  • Negative effects on sleep, substance use (tobacco, alcohol, cannabis), and physical activity emerged at 3.5-4.5 hours of daily internet use.

Conclusions:

  • The 2-hour screen time limit is not empirically justified for adolescents.
  • Significant adverse health effects appear to manifest only after 4 hours of daily internet use.
  • Potential benefits may exist for adolescents using the internet for less than 1.5 hours daily.