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Trends in diagnosis-specific work disability before and after ischaemic heart disease: a nationwide population-based

Jenni Ervasti1, Marianna Virtanen1,2, Tea Lallukka1,3

  • 1Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.

BMJ Open
|April 21, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) significantly increases work disability due to circulatory issues, particularly in men during the first year post-event. This highlights the substantial impact of IHD on long-term work capacity.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Occupational Medicine

Background:

  • Work disability is a significant concern impacting individuals and healthcare systems.
  • Ischaemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
  • Understanding the impact of IHD on work disability is crucial for effective rehabilitation and support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine diagnosis-specific work disability trends before and after an ischaemic heart disease (IHD) event.
  • To quantify the change in work disability due to circulatory diseases post-IHD.
  • To compare work disability patterns between men and women following an IHD event.

Main Methods:

  • A Swedish population-based cohort study using register data.
  • Inclusion of individuals aged 25-60 years experiencing their first IHD event between 2006-2008.
  • Follow-up of participants for 4 years before and 4 years after the IHD event to assess work disability (sickness absence and disability pension).

Main Results:

  • Diseases of the circulatory system became the most common cause of work disability after an IHD event, especially in the first post-event year.
  • Men experienced a fivefold increase in work disability days due to circulatory diseases (12 to 60 days), while women saw a fourfold increase (14 to 62 days) in the first post-event year.
  • Work disability risk was higher after an IHD event compared to before, with slightly higher rates in men (RR 2.49) than women (RR 2.29).

Conclusions:

  • An IHD event is strongly associated with increased work disability, primarily due to circulatory system diseases.
  • The impact on work disability is most pronounced in the first year following an IHD event, particularly for men.
  • Circulatory diseases represent the leading diagnosis for work disability post-IHD, underscoring the long-term consequences of heart events on employment.
Abstract

Keywords:
comorbiditydisability pensionsex differencessick leavesickness absencetrajectories

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